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On April 17th , the accident of a five -year-old boy falling asleep caught everyone’s attention. After nearly 15 hours of intense relief, the boy was rescued, but at 7:45 on April 18, doctors declared that rescued the child has no vital signs. Family members are distraught.

Shaft rescue has always been a big problem in our rescue field. Because most of the wells are too deep , it is difficult to achieve underground rescue. Even if the rescue conditions permit, due to some dry wells that have been abandoned for many years, there may be toxic and harmful gases decomposed by decaying substances, local soil looseness. The factors increase the difficulty and risk of rescue. At the same time, most of the wells have a small wellhead diameter , and even some wellheads are only about 30 centimeters . Such shafts will be more difficult to rescue, and many times we are powerless.

In 2015 , the "Shaanxi two-year-old boy falling well accident" that touched people's hearts was reported in real time on major websites. Since the diameter of the wellhead is only about 40 centimeters, and the deep well is about 40 meters , the rescue is very difficult. Finally, the excavation method was adopted and 20 hours later passed. The boy was successfully rescued.

When we encounter such a shaft rescue accident, if the depth of the well is shallow and the diameter of the wellhead is large, underground rescue is generally used, but this approach poses a threat to the safety of the rescue personnel. When we encounter a small wellhead, we may use excavation methods, which not only consumes a lot of time, but also delays the best time for rescue.

The biggest problem in the rescue process is our equipment. Responding to the rescue of a small space, many of our existing equipment do not make much effort. Is there any good equipment to assist us in implementing the rescue?

Long ago, Xiao Bian had started collecting relevant information and learned about many shaft rescue equipment. Today, I will share some of the equipment with you.

Shaft rescue hoist

The shaft rescue hoist is a retractable L -type rescue hoist. The rescue device was designed and invented by the old man of Fuyang, Anhui. This equipment has a simple principle, but it has powerful functions and convenient operations. It can be used quickly in the rescue process and it can be used more quickly and safely.

This kind of "shaft rescue hoist" and some attachments are designed to compensate for the lack of excavation work. It does not apply to all sites and it depends on site conditions.

The main components of the equipment:

Shaft rescue hoist is mainly composed of hoist main frame, connecting rod, guide rope and various functional components.

Each functional part can be replaced on the main frame. The upper end of the main frame is a threaded port. The extension distance can be extended by connecting the extension bar. The extension rod is provided with a locking hole, which can be locked by means of a locking lever (other fine rods can be used in the rescue scene instead).

This device integrates the six functions of “lift, hold, hook, sleeve, clamp, and suction”, and the practical application performance is stable and reliable, and it is easy to carry.

01\

Function 1: "pick"

Fittings are equipped with crossbars of different lengths to accommodate wellheads of different diameters.

When in use, connect the guide rope to the cross bar, and the fixing rope (main rope) is connected to the main frame of the lifter. Before lowering the lifter, the cross bar is pulled up. During the lowering process, the length of the bar is extended as needed, and when the cross bar is lowered to be When the trapped person is underneath (mainly selects the shin), he/she relaxes the guide rope, the crossbar catches the trapped person, and then lifts up the pole and the fixing rope to rescue the trapped person.

If the person trapped is stuck tightly, the trapped person can be rescued by pulling the fixing rope (main rope) together.


02\

Function two: "Tuo"

The principle is similar to a screen. Mainly for children's rescue. When the diameter of the wellhead is large, the stability of the crossbar cannot be maintained during the ascent, and pallet accessories can be used to keep it stable. The same applies to small animals such as kittens and puppies. The method of operation is similar to the operation of "raising".

03\

Function 3: "Hook"

A barb is connected to the head of the main frame, and the barb is a movable type. When the lower bar is placed, the obstacle is contracted. When the barb hooks the object, the long bar and the fixing rope are lifted. It is mainly suitable for the exploration and salvage when the downhole salvage target cannot be accurately located. Because this method may cause secondary injury to the trapped person (not necessarily where it is hooked), it should be taken into account when salvaging the trapped person. .

04\ Function Four: "Sets"

Fix one end of the wire rope and the other end through the fixing hole, connect the rope, trap the trapped person's arm or leg, and salvage it. The wire rope rings can be installed vertically or horizontally.

05\ Function 5: "Clip"

Using the principle of leverage, two clip racks are set. Arc iron is added to the clip rack to increase friction. The heavier the item being lifted, the greater the clip force.

06\

Function 6: "suck"

The main use of magnets is to absorb some of the metal material downhole. Distribute magnets on the disc for salvaging downhole metal objects.

In the rescue process, all parts complement each other and work together to make the most of them.

Multi-functional shaft rescue equipment

This set of equipment has the same working principle as the "shaft rescue hoist". Based on this, it has added a monitoring part to observe the downhole situation in real time and engage in conversations with trapped people.

The main components of the equipment:

Mechanical part:

Robots, connecting rods, load-bearing safety ropes, rescue safety belts, operating ropes, safety hooks, special tool kits, etc.

Monitoring section:

Monitoring podium, dedicated headsets, communication safety ropes, chargers, camcorders, and notebooks.

Features: Easy to install, equipment plus communication monitoring device, more practical significance in specific occasions.

Disadvantages: Compared with the “shaft rescue hoist”, the function is slightly single. Due to the power consumption of the monitoring equipment, it has limitations in use at the rescue site.

Rescue tripod

This is what our fire brigade often sees. It is suitable for larger diameter shaft rescues.

Use the schematic

The main components of the equipment:

Tripod, fall arrest from the recovery winch, wire rope sling, ring-shaped protection chain.

Features: It can be raised and lowered, and the winch is equipped with a rising and falling self-locking device to ensure the safety of the sling; the assembly is convenient, and the device suitable for the local conditions is at the wellhead and pit, which is not limited by the unevenness of the ground.

Disadvantages: Shaft rescue only applies to large diameter wellheads or holes.

end

The development and use of various kinds of equipment are for us to be able to quickly rescue and race against time. The function of any equipment can not be fully implemented. The complexity of the rescue environment and the presence of uncertain factors on the scene may increase the risk of our rescue. How to achieve rapid and effective rescue also requires us to constantly explore in actual combat.

This article is reproduced from WeChat public number: Orange Rescue.

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