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Bearing steel designed for special environments plays a crucial role in ensuring the reliability and longevity of bearings used in harsh conditions. These bearings are commonly found in automotive transmissions and differentials, where contaminants such as sludge or metal shavings can mix into the lubricating oil. When these foreign particles come into contact with the bearing's rolling surfaces, they can cause indentations, leading to premature surface damage and failure.
To address this issue, extensive research has been conducted on the fatigue resistance of bearing steels under contaminated conditions. The results show that increasing the amount of retained austenite, enhancing surface hardness, or improving the matrix resistance can significantly extend the bearing's service life. For example, DCJ2 bearing steel, which contains over 2% manganese, has demonstrated superior performance compared to standard SUJ2 steel in terms of rolling fatigue life, even in the presence of foreign matter.
DCJ2 also exhibits excellent resistance to foreign matter when subjected to carburizing and nitriding treatments. Datong Special Steel Co., Ltd. has further advanced this technology by developing high-temperature bearing steel STJ2 and exploring surface hardening techniques for DCJ2. In collaboration with NTN, they have introduced heat-resistant carburized bearing steels containing silicon and nickel, offering enhanced performance at elevated temperatures.
As industrial machinery continues to evolve with higher speeds and more frequent shutdowns, the operating temperature of bearings is rising. Bearings must now function effectively in environments ranging from 473 K to 523 K. While conventional SUJ2 steel may lose hardness and performance at these temperatures, alternative materials like M50—used in jet engines—offer better high-temperature properties. However, M50 is expensive due to its high alloy content (around 10% chromium, molybdenum, and vanadium), making it less versatile for general applications.
To overcome these challenges, researchers are focusing on minimizing the use of costly alloying elements while maintaining high-temperature stability and processability. The goal is to develop bearing steels that retain their hardness and anti-tempering characteristics, preventing softening at elevated temperatures.
Related Bearing Knowledge:
- Commonly used bearing types in SKF repairs and reducers
- Metal wear self-correction techniques for extending bearing life
- Identifying bearing damage through oscillation and temperature monitoring
This article is sourced from China Bearing Network.
For more information, visit: http://www.chinabearing.net
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Source: Bearing Network | Date: April 11, 2013