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**Rethinking the Security of Intelligent Buildings**
Recently, a safety incident occurred on September 13 at the East Lake Eco-Tourism Scenic Spot in Wuhan City. Authorities investigated and confirmed it as a production safety responsibility accident. A total of 28 individuals, including Yang Fan, director of the Construction Management Office of Wuhan Urban and Rural Construction Committee, were held accountable. Legal authorities are conducting independent investigations into potential criminal activities by the involved personnel. As smart city initiatives continue to grow, intelligent construction is gaining momentum nationwide, with intelligent communities, buildings, and infrastructure becoming increasingly common. Discussing the development of intelligent security in China has become more critical than ever.
In 2012, smart building security applications accounted for 20% of the core market in domestic intelligent building projects. The market size for office buildings, hotels, and smart communities reached nearly 200 billion yuan, with office buildings (including urban complexes) valued between 600-700 billion, residential areas around 90 billion, and high-end hotel projects exceeding 30 billion. The sector has been growing at an average annual rate of 20%. As awareness of building security systems increases and the construction and building intelligence industries develop rapidly, the intelligent transformation of traditional buildings and new intelligent constructions have entered a phase of accelerated growth. As an essential subsystem, the intelligent security market is expected to see significant opportunities and a promising future.
Intelligent Building Security Requirements: Energy Efficiency and Site Monitoring
Generally, the main needs of intelligent building security can be summarized into two aspects: energy efficiency and site monitoring.
Energy Efficiency: The pace of building energy-saving technologies in China is shifting from voluntary to mandatory. Globally, there are certifications like LEED, while China has its own "Green Building Evaluation Standards," with some regions like Shenzhen having their own versions. At the management level, policies and regulations are being developed, but users are increasingly focused on cost control. It is estimated that about 40% of a building’s lifecycle costs relate to energy use, mainly during the construction phase.
Security systems also consume energy, such as electricity, and are connected to other systems. During planning, owners often aim to incorporate green building concepts. For example, using green-certified security products and utilizing PoE where possible (except in extremely cold regions where AC power may be necessary for camera heaters).
Green energy ultimately aims to reduce operational costs. Shen Tao, Product Manager at Tyco Security Equipment Asia Pacific, noted that although green-standard products may cost 30% or even 50% more initially, they offer substantial long-term savings and environmental benefits. “Now, pushing for green is more intelligent than before. Our products are evolving in this direction, with power supply designs complying with environmental regulations and energy consumption methods meeting industry standards.â€
Site Monitoring: As part of intelligent building projects, project sites must install remote video surveillance systems according to regulatory requirements. These systems play a key role in dynamic assessments and safety certification for companies’ safety production licenses. For instance, urban management departments use local and panoramic cameras for 24-hour monitoring of site entrances and operations. Any illegal activity can be addressed through intercom systems. Developers and contractors prioritize material and construction safety. Additionally, recording the entire construction process serves as a marketing tool for real estate sales, allowing buyers to visualize the building's progress from foundation to completion.
Intelligent Building Security Subdivision Applications
In the intelligent building market, the security system has quietly become one of the core components of the intelligent system. As a result, both users and management units now place unprecedented emphasis on security, leading to higher demands. Industry interviews with users, integrators, design institutes, and experts reveal several major security requirements in the field of intelligent buildings.
Security is at the heart of smart buildings. Alongside the building automation system (BA) and communication system (CA), the security system has become a central element of smart buildings. According to Sun Zhaohao from Beijing Taihao Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., in an office or hotel project, the security system accounts for almost 30% of the investment in the intelligent system.
Initially, the security system was just a sub-system under the building control system. However, with the evolution of security technology, it has become one of the five key systems in the 5A concept. The improved status of the security system stems from several factors: first, the application of advanced security technology provides a better user experience. Today, security systems not only protect people and property but also optimize energy management, similar to BA systems, and can integrate with business management systems to provide added value. Second, national authorities and building owners have deepened their understanding of security. “The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development hasn’t clearly specified smart building requirements, but owners now ask whether the security system can assist them,†said Wei Yun from Weihao Technology Electronics.
As people demand more from their living and working environments, they expect higher levels of safety. This shift highlights the need for more advanced and integrated security solutions.
Security Needs: According to the "Intelligent Building Design Standard" (GB50314-2006), smart buildings include office buildings, commercial spaces, cultural centers, hospitals, schools, transportation hubs, and residential areas. Their security technology prevention systems typically include an integrated security management system, intrusion alarm system, video surveillance system, access control system, electronic patrol system, visitor intercom system, parking management system, and other related security systems. While these systems are similar across different sectors, the specific security requirements vary based on investment scale, function, and location.
Application-Oriented Industry Collaboration: “A thousand homeowners, a thousand needs.†As security technology evolves, owner requirements are becoming more detailed and specific. However, due to limited knowledge, many cannot accurately express their true needs. Therefore, hiring intelligent system engineering consultants has become crucial for translating these needs effectively.
To better meet owner demands, integrators are increasingly developing proprietary security products. For example, access control is becoming more intelligent, and smart home systems are advancing. Companies like Honeywell offer complete security solutions. Domestic manufacturers such as Hikvision and Dahua are also intensifying their efforts in intelligent building projects, directly engaging with users to create more tailored products and programs.
Intelligent buildings promote intelligent security systems, which combine technical and human defense. Advanced technical systems help compensate for the limitations of human security, improving the safety of people’s living and working environments. In addition to technological protection, high-quality security personnel must be trained rigorously. Only through the combination of technical and human defenses can a comprehensive security system be provided.
In the context of intelligent buildings, security and fire protection are important parts of public safety management. With the advancement of science and technology and information systems in the 21st century, intelligent security has entered a new domain, with the boundaries between it and computers gradually disappearing. Intelligent security uses audio/video, infrared, detection, microwave, control, and communication technologies to provide a safe environment for people inside and outside buildings, achieving early warnings and post-event control to protect personal and property safety.
From a product perspective, intelligent security systems mainly include: intelligent security monitoring and burglar alarm systems, security automation systems, smart card systems, smart home systems, intelligent communication systems, intelligent parking management systems, integrated wiring systems, intelligent energy management and control systems, and building automation systems.
Development Trends in the Intelligent Security Industry
It is understood that in recent years, investment in intelligent building systems accounts for 5-10% of total investment in intelligent building projects. As people’s demands for work and living environments continue to rise, the level of intelligence in ordinary buildings is also increasing, with the proportion of intelligent investment reaching about 3% of total investment. Currently, intelligent investment in construction accounts for approximately 22% of total intelligent investment. In 2011, the domestic intelligent security market in China was around 99.67 billion yuan.
With growing attention to building security systems and active development of the construction and building intelligence industries, the intelligent transformation of traditional buildings and the intelligent investment in new buildings have entered a period of rapid development. As an important subsystem, the intelligent security market is set to experience significant growth and broad prospects. It is estimated that by 2015, China’s intelligent security market will reach 160.96 billion yuan.
Like intelligent buildings, the downstream of the intelligent security industry is one of the twenty key industries in China’s national economy. Since the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, China’s construction industry has maintained a stable development trend, especially in recent years, with the pace of urbanization greatly accelerating. The concept of “Safe City†is also being widely promoted. Overall, the domestic construction industry shows a steady upward trend. As enterprise and residential community demands increase, smart security is facing new development opportunities. Due to the special nature of the smart security industry, the state has always provided policy incentives to support its growth.
In the national “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†development plan, the security plan was listed separately, with a clear statement to “strengthen the construction of the public security system. Adapt to the new characteristics of changes in public security situations, promote the establishment of a combination of active prevention and emergency response, and integrate traditional methods with modern means.†It is evident that the security industry has received national attention and support through corresponding policies. This will play an invaluable role in the development of the security industry. According to the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan for the Development of China’s Security Industry†(2011–2015), by the end of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, China’s security industry is expected to double its overall size. By 2015, the total output value of the security industry in China is projected to reach 500 billion yuan. Therefore, the intelligent security industry in China is facing a huge market opportunity with a broad market space.
**Conclusion**
With the development of intelligent security technology, the workload and complexity of security information technology are increasing. In recent years, intelligent security has developed rapidly in China and has gradually become a new force in public safety management and the building intelligence industry.