A planer is a type of machine tool used to shape the surface of a workpiece by means of linear relative motion between the cutting tool and the workpiece. It is primarily employed for machining flat surfaces, grooves, and straight-shaped surfaces. Planers are available in several different configurations based on their structural design:

(1) Cantilever Planer: This type features a single column and a cantilever arm. The worktable moves back and forth along the bed's guide rails. The vertical tool holder can move laterally along the cantilever rail, while the side tool holder moves vertically along the column rail. This design allows for versatile machining operations.

(2) Double Column Planer: This model includes two columns and a beam. The table moves longitudinally along the bed's guide rails. Both columns and beams are equipped with movable side and vertical tool holders, offering greater stability and precision during heavy-duty machining tasks.

(3) Ram-type Planer: In this design, the planer is mounted on the ram of the machine, which performs longitudinal reciprocating motion. The workbench typically moves horizontally or vertically in an intermittent feed motion, making it suitable for large-scale surface machining.

(4) Slotting Machine (Planer): This machine operates by reciprocating in the vertical plane, while the worktable performs the feeding motion. It is commonly used for cutting slots and grooves in various materials, especially in applications where a vertical cutting motion is required.

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