Method for improving the nutritional value of silage
Adding non-protein nitrogen sources such as urea and ammonia water is a common practice when preparing silage for ruminants, especially when the forage has low protein content. The typical dosage ranges from 2 to 5 kg per day. If ammonia water is used, it's crucial to ensure the container is properly sealed to prevent evaporation and maintain effectiveness.
Urea is often incorporated into the silage material to be converted by microbial activity into bacterial protein, thereby increasing the overall protein content of the silage. The recommended amount of urea is 0.5% of the weight of the raw material. This addition can result in an increase of 8 to 11 grams of digested protein per kilogram of silage after fermentation.
After adding urea, the silage shows improved characteristics, including a higher pH, increased levels of lactic acid and acetic acid, as well as elevated crude protein, true protein, and free amino acid content. The presence of ammonia enhances the silage’s buffering capacity, which leads to a slight rise in pH—still remaining below 4.2. Additionally, urea helps suppress secondary fermentation that may occur during reclamation. Feeding animals with urea-enriched silage can also boost their dry matter intake, contributing to better nutrition and performance.
When raw materials lack essential minerals, adding mineral supplements such as calcium carbonate, limestone, calcium phosphate, or magnesium carbonate can be beneficial. These can also be added in the form of organic acid calcium salts. In addition to providing calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium, these minerals support the silage fermentation process, promoting greater acid production and improving the overall quality of the final product. Proper mineral balance ensures optimal microbial activity and enhances the nutritional value of the silage for livestock.
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