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First, the reasons for the increasingly serious disease: 1, continuous cropping: continuous cropping is an important reason for the increasingly serious disease of pepper. Phytophthora capsici is widely parasitic, can infect a variety of vegetables such as Solanaceae, cucurbita, but also in beans, onions Celery grows in vitro. A large number of oospores on the diseased plants can survive in the soil for 2-3 years, and become an important source of infection. Due to the continuous cropping of peppers in the vegetable area, the amount of soil bacteria is large, and the climatic conditions are suitable for outbreaks. 2. High indoor air humidity: Due to the large water content of the protected land and the high relative humidity of the air, it is very beneficial to the infection and expansion of the disease, so the disease is early and serious. 3. Variety of peppers that are resistant to disease: Most of the varieties used in current production are susceptible varieties. Once the disease occurs, the expansion is rapid, and the rate of dead plants is also high. The diseased plants not only quickly die, but also have a large number of oospores. Produced, re-infected with water and airflow (latency is second only to -5 days), causing the disease to become more serious. 4, unreasonable fertilization: excessive nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and trace elements are insufficient, and the application of not fully decomposed organic fertilizer with bacteria and root burning, and flooding with roots, can reduce the disease resistance of the plant and increase the disease. In addition, the climate is humid and rainy, the field is dense, the light is weak, the number of watering is high, and the water in the field can cause the disease to worsen.
Second, prevention and control measures: 1, strict implementation of rotation: pepper bogey and continuous operation of the Solanaceae, it is best to rotate with grass crops, rotation time of more than 3 years, according to the survey, the incidence of heavy shoal is as high as 30%, the rotation can be reduced Below 1%, it has obvious anti-disease effect with garlic rotation, and it is easy to harvest in the new vegetable field where pepper has not been planted for a long time. 2, the selection of disease-resistant varieties: In addition to Chaotian pepper is more resistant to disease, other varieties of disease resistance are poor, eager to breed resistant varieties. 3. Reasonable close planting: 3300-3500 plants are planted in acre to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions in the field and reduce the humidity in the field. 4. Strengthen field management: apply sufficient maturity base fertilizer, implement formula fertilization, avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, properly apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and micro-fertilizer, and do not apply organic fertilizer such as unfertilized human excrement, chicken manure or dry rod to prevent large Water flooding, especially under high temperature conditions, it is strictly forbidden to pour large water to prevent high temperature and high humidity from aggravating the disease. According to the observation, in the continuous high temperature period, the pepper field is continuously poured 2-3 times, and the disease rate is generally 80. More than %, and the rate of diseased plants with small irrigated is only about 10%. 5, clean the pastoral: timely removal of the residue after harvest and deep rollover, can effectively reduce the disease. 6, chemical control: 1, seed treatment: soaking with 10% formalin solution for 30 minutes, the liquid is immersed seeds 5-10 cm is appropriate, remove, rinse, germination, sowing, also available 20% methyl The phosphorus emulsifiable concentrate was soaked in 1000 times for 12 hours. 2, the implementation of soil disinfection: irrigation with the roots, 7-8 days is the serious occurrence of pepper field disease, combined with pesticide application in the old vegetable area, with 98% copper sulfate application of 1-1.5 kg, spread the field or The water is placed at the water outlet and flows into the field with the water, which has a good control effect. 3, the initial stage of the disease with 40% ethyl phosphorus aluminum wettable powder 500 times liquid or 25% metalaxyl 500 times liquid spray pepper plants and the surface, can effectively prevent re-infection, can also be used 50% bacteriostatic 1500 times liquid spray Treatment, usually spray once every 7-10 days, continuous spraying 2-3 times, when the disease is in pandemic, shorten the spray for 5-7 days, the medicine can guarantee the effect. 4, the greenhouse production in winter can use some fuming agents for prevention and control, not only can prevent disease and reduce the humidity inside the shed, the effect is good.
Capsicum blight is a disease caused by Phytophthora capsici infection. It is easy to cause seedlings to collapse in the seedling stage of pepper. It is easy to cause root rot and leaf dryness in adult stage. In recent years, with the growing area of ​​pepper protection area, The occurrence of pepper blight is also becoming more and more serious. In many places, once the disease occurs, it will seriously reduce production, but it will not be harvested, which greatly affects the economic benefits of pepper farmers. The causes and prevention measures of pepper disease are becoming more serious as follows:
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