Method for improving the nutritional value of silage

Adding non-protein nitrogen sources, such as urea and ammonia water, is a common practice when preparing silage for ruminants, especially when the forage has low protein content. The typical dosage ranges from 2 to 5 kg per day. If ammonia water is used, it is crucial to ensure that the container is properly sealed to prevent evaporation and maintain effectiveness. Urea is often incorporated into silage materials to enhance their protein content. During the fermentation process, microorganisms in the silage convert urea into bacterial protein, which improves the nutritional value of the feed. The recommended amount of urea is about 0.5% of the total weight of the raw material. This addition can provide approximately 8 to 11 grams of digestible protein per kilogram of silage after fermentation. Once urea is added, several beneficial changes occur in the silage. The pH level increases slightly, along with the levels of lactic acid, acetic acid, crude protein, true protein, and free amino acids. The presence of ammonia also enhances the silage's buffering capacity, although the pH remains below 4.2. Additionally, urea helps to suppress secondary fermentation after the silage is opened or rehydrated. Feeding animals urea-enhanced silage can lead to increased dry matter intake, improving overall feed efficiency. In cases where the raw materials are lacking in certain minerals, adding mineral supplements such as calcium carbonate, limestone, calcium phosphate, or magnesium carbonate can be beneficial. Organic calcium salts may also be used to supply essential minerals like calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. These additions support the silage fermentation process and help increase acid production, leading to better preservation and improved nutritional quality of the final product.

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