Abstract Under the highly homogenous configuration, it is the prelude of smart phone competition in industrial design and materials. Since Apple redefined the smartphone in 2007, the flagship mobile phone has gradually moved to straight design, large screen, high resolution. , high pixel, high frequency, multi-core...
Under the highly homogenous configuration, it is the prelude of smart phone competition in industrial design and materials. Since Apple redefined the smartphone in 2007, the flagship mobile phone has gradually moved to straight design, large screen, high resolution, High pixel, high frequency, multi-core development path. However, careful consumers will find that the material of mobile phones can reflect the popular elements of the year. In addition to the development of technology, there are more bold attempts by mobile phone manufacturers in R&D and design. Every innovative material can be said. Trying is a pioneering work. In the past two years, we have found that the material of mobile phones is no longer pure plastic. After the appearance of Apple iPhone4, glass has been favored. After the appearance of iPhone5, metal has begun to flood, and iPhone6 ​​has triggered 2.5D glass. Massively popular, what elements will happen to the next iPhone7?
Until last year, every generation of Apple products is guiding the trend of mobile phone materials. What is the popular element of mobile phone materials in 2016? The information we obtained from various channels is full of uncertainties, but it is rumored that in 2016, Apple and Xiaomi Company went hand in hand for the first time in the mobile phone material. They all chose ceramics, which are costly and difficult to process. Let's take a look at what kind of materials have been used in mobile phones in recent years. Will the trend of flagship mobile phones in 2016 continue the metal? Or metal is not the only choice for the flagship phone!
Simply summarize the current materials used in mobile phones are roughly divided into 8 categories: 1. Basic plastic grade, 2. Upgrade plastic grade, 3. Metal material and precious metal, 4. Wooden (bamboo), 5. Leather or leather, 6. Kevlar and alternative fibers, 7. Glass material, 8. Reinforced ceramic material.
Basic plastic grade - propylene grease - butadiene - styrene
In the era of functional machines, most of the mobile phones we use every day are made of ABS plastic. ABS is the abbreviation of propylene-butadiene-styrene copolymer. This material is cheap, easy to process and easy to surface treatment (electroplating). The upper layer of metal is the most commonly used material. However, this kind of material has low strength and is not resistant to high temperature. To achieve the strength required by the mobile phone, it has to have a certain thickness, and this makes the mobile phone difficult to be thin and light, so it is not uncommon for the mobile phone to be 20mm and the flip phone 25mm.
In addition, this material will appear to be low-end once the surface paint is peeled off, so high-end mobile phones are generally cautiously selected, and nowadays mobile phones are rarely used.
Advantages: low cost, easy processing disadvantages: not resistant to high temperature, easy to deform, low strength, easy to dye representative models: functional machine era Nokia 8210, etc.
Upgrade plastic grade - wide application of polycarbonate
In addition to the most basic ABS plastics, the most common is polycarbonate, which is engineering plastics. The polycarbonate used in mobile phones is generally referred to as PC. It is a colorless, transparent, heat-resistant and impact-resistant thermoplastic resin. It is a soft plastic. Due to its structural speciality, it has become the fastest growing general-purpose plastic material among the five engineering plastics, and is now widely used in digital electronics and other industries. In addition, in the choice of color, polycarbonate material also provides a rich color choice, but the problem of external paint coloring is still difficult to solve, it is easy to expose the original appearance because of the touch paint.
Advantages: easy to form, easy to paint and color, relatively hard. Disadvantages: low thermal conductivity, easy to discolor, difficult to express high quality and texture through the material representative models: iPhone 5c, etc.
Metal material and precious metal - won at the starting line
The application of metal materials in consumer electronics is considered to be one of the ways to increase the texture and upgrade the product grade. As early as ten years ago, Nokia used metal materials and precious metals many times to build the more advanced 8800 models. Mobile phones have used precious metals such as titanium in their luxury brand VERTU. In terms of materials, metal accounts for a certain amount of cheapness. Metal materials are used to create a product frame, which will directly help the overall strength of the product. At the same time, the effect of metal materials on heat dissipation and heat conduction is more advantageous than plastic materials. However, the metal material of metal mobile phones also has its shortcomings. Although its cost has been reduced to a certain extent, it is harder to be cheaper than engineering plastics, which makes the price of metal mobile phones still slightly higher. . At the same time, the metal heat conduction is fast, just like the metal notebook computer accelerates the heat dissipation through the outer casing. The temperature of the outer casing tends to be higher than that of the plastic material, and the handheld device such as the mobile phone will affect the hand feeling to some extent. In the past year, the metal material has been inflated. From the high-end flagship to the thousand yuan, the metal material is used. It is difficult for the user to distinguish the integrally formed stamped metal piece or the CNC high-precision metallized metal.
Advantages: Sturdy, beautiful, and plasticity. Disadvantages: The cost is slightly higher, it may interfere with the signal, the weather may affect the hand, and it is easy to scratch. It is not easy to repair the representative model: Huawei Mate7, etc.
Wood (bamboo) - extremely niche
Wood (bamboo) materials are much more difficult than plastics and metals. On the one hand, the choice of hardness of materials is very important. Secondly, the anti-corrosion and anti-insect processes are too costly. In 2005, only manufacturers of luxury mobile phones were manufactured. Mobiado uses Nokia's movement to design and manufacture wooden phone cases, but this luxury is not for everyone. Until the beginning of the production of customizable mobile phone back cover from MOTO in recent years, the specially processed wooden, black apricot and bamboo mobile phone back cover appeared again in the eyes of the mass consumers, and there was a wave of it. However, after the fresh energy, everyone found that not everyone can accept this sentiment.
Advantages: natural, individual shortcomings: high requirements for material selection, high requirements for anti-corrosion and insect-repellent processes, not easy to color, difficult to process, easy to aesthetic fatigue, representative models: Mobiado, one plus, etc.
Leather or leather - non-luxury can not enjoy Leather can be said to be one of the most good materials. It has a wide range of cost options and can be customized for different needs. However, leather is generally found on luxury mobile phones such as VERTU, and leathers of different grades such as crocodile skin, lizard skin, snake skin and calfskin are also used according to the positioning and price. In recent years, the back cover of the leather has also appeared on the MOTO X, which is enough price for anyone to accept. At the same time, Samsung and Lenovo have also processed the leather-like back cover through plastic processing. Because of the warm feel of the cortex, it is enough to win, but the real handling and good reputation is still enjoyed by luxury mobile phones. The anti-corrosion, anti-insect, anti-wrinkle and other processes are as complex as the leather itself.
Advantages: excellent hand feeling, good visual effect, unique taste and disadvantages: the process requirements are extremely high, otherwise it is easy to change color, foam, odor, not suitable for mass production representative models: Vertu, Samsung W series, etc.
Kevlar and alternative fibers - easily overlooked personality
The application of Kevlar and carbon fiber on mobile phones is not common. Many people realize that Kevlar's characteristics are on the smart machine RAZR blade mobile phone launched by MOTO. Many people are made of bulletproof clothes by Kepu to Kevlar. In fact, as early as in the functional machine era Samsung s5550u has already used Kevlar mixed metal material processing mobile phone, of course, it is unrealistic to use this mobile phone to completely act as a bulletproof vest. After all, it can only be regarded as Kevlar coating. Only. Carbon fiber is strictly called a carbon fiber composite material, which is obtained by weaving carbon fiber into a cloth and then adding the resin. This kind of thing is lighter and stronger than metal. Titanium alloys can't be compared, but they can't be repaired once damaged. It needs to be replaced as a whole, and the cost is very high.
Advantages: personality, low-key, alternative disadvantages: unable to repair, high cost, poor practicality representative models: MOTO RAZR, etc.
Glass material - visible charm
Glass materials as mobile phone materials have not been seen in recent years, and this was rarely seen in the past. The main reason is that the glass technology has been greatly improved in recent years. The more famous ones are Corning glass and sapphire glass, the most recent year. More popular 2.5D glass or even 3D glass. The large-scale use of glass on mobile phones caused Steve Jobs to use glass on the iPhone 4. The advantage of glass is its high hardness, especially sapphire glass, which can hardly meet anything in everyday life. However, the difficulty of processing glass is also much more difficult than plastic and metal. Because most of the glass is flat, it needs to be processed into an arc. It takes a lot of work whether it is hot bending or CNC grinding. The back cover of the mobile phone needs an arc to fit the hand. The iPhone 4 is very hand-cut, and Samsung's S6 EDGE and Xiaomi Note pay for the production capacity and cost in order to process the curved glass.
Advantages: beautiful, light and thin, high hardness, not easy to scratch, does not block the signal. Disadvantages: poor impact resistance, fragile, easy to attach to a fingerprint collector, high processing cost and high cost. Representative products: iPhone4, Samsung S6 EDGE, Xiaomi Note Wait
Reinforced ceramic material - ideal material
The ceramics mentioned here are not ceramics fired in clay in the traditional sense, but materials of reinforced ceramics, also known as new ceramics, precision ceramics, high-performance ceramics, engineering ceramics, etc. As far as the main components are concerned, they can be classified into carbides, nitrides, oxides and borides, and are widely used in aerospace technology, automobiles, aircraft, and nuclear engineering. Personal consumption levels such as the famous ceramic knives and Rolex wristbands are among the luxury consumer levels. Currently used by a handful of digital manufacturers is zirconia ceramics, the most famous is the addition of zirconia ceramics to the material of Apple's Apple Watch back cover. Due to problems such as metal appearance signal shielding, it is difficult to solve the problem. It has high texture, high plasticity, good plasticity, and better zirconia ceramics. It is the flagship mobile phone. Due to high processing cost, VERTU, Samsung, etc. are currently on mobile phones. A large number of domestic manufacturers have tried in the past year, but they have not received widespread attention.
Advantages: easy to process and easy to color, small impact on signal, high hardness, scratch resistance, texture, plasticity, good wear resistance, good air tightness, gloss and texture. Disadvantages: high processing difficulty and high cost. Product: Vertu (ceramic button ), SUMSUNG (ceramic back cover), Apple Watch (ceramic back cover), etc.
The application of 8 kinds of materials on mobile phones can be seen as a process of evolution of mobile phone materials, and also represents the progress of human technology in material processing. It is conceivable that the lower the processing difficulty and the lower the cost of mobile phone materials. The more easily the products are popularized, the more difficult the processing and the higher the process requirements are the flagship products that should be pursued. Currently, mainstream body materials include plastic and metal. The plastic appearance parts (polycarbonate) have good comprehensive performance, mature processing technology and low cost, and are common in low-end and medium-end mobile phones and a small number of high-end machines. However, compared with metal materials, plastics tend to give people a "cheap" feeling, so in the high-end models, the metal back cover has become mainstream. However, in the future, there are still many alternative materials for high-end models. With the advancement of technology and the high cost of processing, the materials that are difficult to process will inevitably enter the high-end products that can be consumed by the public. In addition to metal, there are more options for flagship.
Recently, it is rumored that the upcoming Apple iPhone7 and Xiaomi 5 mobile phones will use ceramic materials, which may become the popular weather vane of mobile phone materials in 2016.
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