First, the nitrogen fertilizer is mainly urea and ammonium bicarbonate. For topdressing, it should be ditched or applied at a depth of 5-10 cm. Urea has a high nitrogen content. After being applied to the soil, it is directly absorbed and utilized by plants. Most of it needs to be converted into ammonium nitrogen by the action of urease secreted by microorganisms to be absorbed and utilized by crops. The nature of ammonium bicarbonate is unstable, and the utilization rate of shallow surface is low. If the amount of topdressing is large, the ammonia gas volatilized will smother the stems and leaves of the crop and cause fat damage. Therefore, urea should be used for foliar fertilizer application. The concentration of wheat and corn should be 0.8-1%, and the spraying concentration of vegetables should be lower.
Second, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is not easy to dissolve in water, slow fertilizer effect, as a base fertilizer and organic fertilizer mixed application, good fertilizer effect. When used as top dressing, the utilization rate is low and the effect is also poor.
Third, superphosphate is very corrosive, for topdressing should be ditched deep application; when planting fertilizer should be applied below the seed or 5-6 cm side of the seed, and use soil to separate the fertilizer from the seed. It is not advisable to directly seed the seed, otherwise it will reduce the germination rate and emergence rate of the seed.
4. The potassium fertilizer in production is mainly potassium sulfate and potassium chloride. Both of them are water-soluble quick-acting fertilizers, which have weak physiological acid reaction. After being applied to the soil alone, the potassium ions are fixed by the cation replacement of the soil colloid, and the crop is fixed. It is difficult to use, so it is not suitable for single application. Only when combined with nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers, the effect is good. Potassium fertilizer can be used as base fertilizer, and it should be concentrated in the application of fertilizer or acupoint application.
5. There is an antagonistic effect between zinc and phosphorus. For example, the combination of zinc sulfate and superphosphate will inhibit the fertilizer effect of zinc sulfate, and the two should not be mixed.
Sixth, borax application of boiling water dissolution spray. It is extremely wrong to dissolve borax in cold water, which is commonly used in production. The borax will soon recrystallize in the cold, causing the borax to precipitate out in the solution and lose the fertilizer effect. The correct way is to first put the borax into the thermos bottle, add the water to dissolve, cover the bottle stopper to the field, and then spray the cold water to the required concentration, the effect will be greatly improved.
Huaxian Agricultural Technology Promotion Center Jingzuo Station Shang Hongyan
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